11-2.04,; p = 0.01), but the only risk factor for RMHC was earlier era of transplant (HR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.56-2.41; p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of RMHC has declined over time but the same era effect has not occurred with RSHC. Close follow-up after RSHC is crucial because mortality is so high. J Heart Lung Transplant 2011;30:282-8 (C) 2011 International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. All rights reserved.”
“Endocervical adenocarcinomas (ECAs) and endometrial adenocarcinomas (EMAs) are malignancies that affect the uterus; however, their biological behaviors are quite different. This distinction has clinical significance because the

appropriate therapy may depend on the site of tumor origin. The purpose of this study is to evaluate two different scoring mechanisms PP2 mw of p16(INK4a) immunohistochemical (IHC) stain in distinguishing between primary ECAs and EMAs.

A tissue microarray (TMA) was constructed using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from hysterectomy specimens, including 14 ECAs and 21 EMAs. Tissue array sections were stained with a commercially available antibody, p16(INK4a). The avidin-biotin complex method was used to visualize antigens. The staining intensity and extent of the IHC

reactions were evaluated using a semi-quantitative scoring system. Two scoring methods were defined on the following bases: (1) independent cytoplasmic staining alone, Panobinostat purchase irrespective of nucleic stain (Method C) and (2) independent nucleic staining alone, irrespective of cytoplasmic staining. (Method N).

Of the two scoring mechanisms for p16(INK4a) expression, Method N showed a significant difference (P = 0.015), but Method C showed no significant (P = 0.432) frequency differences in distinguishing between ECAs and EMAs. However, Method N had a higher overall accuracy rate (71.4%) in accurately diagnosing ECAs from EMAs in the total number of p16(INK4a) IHC cases.

According to the data

of p16(INK4a) expression in this TMA study, Method N is favorable and efficient in distinguishing between ECAs and EMAs, while Method C is not.”
“Study Design. Review Article.

Objective. The goal of this review article is to discuss the steps taken to minimize and reduce complications from surgery in children and adolescents with AZD9291 cost idiopathic scoliosis.

Summary of Background Data. A majority of children and adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis are otherwise healthy. Most lead relatively normal active lives. Assessing the functional impact of surgery is difficult due to the fact that most patients function at a high level before surgery. Surgery is geared to prevent the long-term problems associated with scoliosis. Complications do occur in the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis. Understanding the nature of these complications may help to improve long-term outcome.

Methods.

S. population was applied. Confidence intervals were estimated by bootstrap methods.

The study population was 88% women and 78% white ethnicity, with 60% of subjects over age 40. The disutility of mild migraine pain was estimated to be 0.140 (95% CI: 0.0848, 0.1940), with a disutility for moderate migraine pain of 0.186 (95% CI: 0.1645, 0.2053) and for severe migraine

pain of 0.493 (95% CI: 0.4100, 0.5654).

Within-attack disutilities estimated for migraine in this study are much greater than those reported for migraine when evaluated as a chronic health condition (e.g., valuations collected at random time points). These data can be of value in adapting results from clinical trials of migraine interventions to cost-utility policy analyses.”
“Background and aim: The use of the highly effective thiopurines as early therapeutic BKM120 inhibitor option in Crohn’s Disease (CD) may be discouraged by the long time interval required to obtain clinical efficacy as also by their potential side effects. The development of non-invasive markers of responsiveness to thiopurines represents a major attempt in the clinical management Nepicastat chemical structure of CD patients.

Azathioprine is able to induce apoptosis of T cells. We studied the effect of thiopurines on “”in vitro”" T cell apoptosis, IFN-gamma and IL-10 production in a group of CD patients with known response to a previous treatment with AZA.

Methods: Heparinized blood samples were drawn from 25 CD patients showing or not a previous responsiveness to a conventional azathioprine treatment (n=17 and n=8, respectively). CD4+ T cells were stimulated “”in vitro”" with aCD3/28 mAbs in the presence or absence of azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine or 6-thioguanine. Apoptosis ACY-241 datasheet was assessed using Annexin V staining, and IFN-gamma and IL-10 production in cell culture supernatants was

evaluated by ELISA.

Results: Apoptosis stimulation index (% of apoptotic cells in the presence of thiopurine/% of apoptotic cells in the absence of thiopurine) and IFN-gamma stimulation index (IFN-gamma production in the presence of thiopurine/IFN-gamma production in the absence of thiopurine) were, respectively, significantly lower and higher in non-responder when compared to responder patients. No variation was observed in IL-10 production.

Conclusions: Evaluation of apoptosis and IFN-gamma stimulation index of peripheral CD4+ T cell may be useful for a proper selection of CD patients candidate to thiopurine treatment. (C) 2012 European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Background: Toll-like receptors (TLR) and related downstream signaling pathways of innate immunity have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Because of their potential role in malaria pathogenesis, polymorphisms in these genes may be under selective pressure in populations where this infectious disease is endemic.

RESULTS: Mean scores at baseline and 1 year later were 57.19 and 58.97, respectively (paired t test, P < .01). Correlation coefficient between 30-year Compound Library mw relative risk, adjusted for family history, and change in RYP score was -0.322.

CONCLUSION: Although medical students were

eating healthy at baseline, integration of nutrition education within the second-year cardiovascular medical curriculum was associated with improved heart healthy eating habits. Because student attitudes about prevention counseling are influenced by personal eating habits, this suggests that students with a more healthy diet will be more likely to recommend the same for their patients. (C) 2014 National Lipid Association. All rights reserved.”
“The basis of disc degeneration is still unknown, but is believed to be a cell-mediated process. Apoptosis might play a major role in degenerative disc disease (DDD). The aim of this study was to correlate the viability of disc cells with the radiological degeneration selleck inhibitor grades (rDG) in disc herniation.

Forty anterior IVD’s (C4-C7) from 39 patients with DDD were studied histologically and ultrastructurally to quantify healthy, “”balloon”", chondroptotic, apoptotic and necrotic cells. Patients were classified to their

rDG, as having either prolapse (P: DGII + III) and/or osteochondrosis (O: DGIV + V). Similar studies were undertaken on eight control discs.

Cell death by necrosis (mean 35%) was common but differed not significantly in both groups. All patients with a disc prolapse DGII + III revealed balloon cells (iAF: mean 32%). All appeared alive and sometimes were hypertrophic. However, significantly less balloon cells were found in the O-Group. Control samples revealed no evidence of “”balloon”" cells in DGII and only a minor rate in DGIII.

According to the different rDG, quantitative changes were obvious in healthy and “”balloon”" cells, but not for cell death. At the moment it can only

be hypothesized if “”balloon”" cells are part of a repair strategy and/or Mizoribine research buy cause of disc herniation.”
“Contents Three experiments were designed to test a solid-surface vitrification system for bovine in vitro-produced embryos and to develop a simple method of in-straw dilution after warming, which can be potentially used for direct transfer in the field. Experiment 1 evaluated embryo survival rates (i.e. re-expansion and hatching) after vitrification and warming in three different solutions: VS1 (20% ethylene glycol (EG)+20% propanediol (PROH)+0.25m trehalose (Tr)), VS2 (20% EG+1M Tr) or VS3 (30% EG+0.75m Tr). Re-expansion and hatching rates were higher (p<0.05) for embryos vitrified in VS3 (72.2 +/- 1.9 and 58.2 +/- 0.8) than VS1 (64.4 +/- 0.9 and 37.2 +/- 2.5) or VS2 (68.5 +/- 1.5 and 49.6 +/- 1.0; p<0.05). Experiment 2 was designed to compare two methods of vitrification: glass micropipettes or solid surface, using the VS1 or VS3 solutions.

RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 3.9 years in each group, extended-course compared with short-course prophylaxis provided a sustained protective benefit with a lifetime CMV incidence of 12% vs 55%, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.13; 95% confidence interval, 0.03-0.61; p = 0.009), an effect that persisted after adjustment for clinical risk factors. Patients in each group underwent a comparable number of peripheral blood draws and bronchoscopies.

Post-transplant white blood cell, neutrophil, and platelet counts were similar between each treatment group during the course of follow-up.

CONCLUSION: Extending valganciclovir prophylaxis to 12 months provides NLRP3 inhibitor a durable long-term CMV protective benefit compared with short-course therapy, without increasing adverse hematologic effects. J Heart Lung Transplant 2011;30:990-6 (C) 2011 International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. All rights reserved.”
“The Nd-Fe-B bulk magnets with a slab shape of 0.9 x 4 x 15 mm(3) were prepared by see more injection casting into a copper mold. The effects of applying a magnetic field during the casting process on the magnetic properties and microstructure of Nd9.5Fe71.5Ti2.5Zr0.5Cr1B14.5C0.5 alloy have been studied. The results show that the sample cast with magnetic field has a stronger (00L) texture of Nd2Fe14B phase with the c-axis perpendicular to the slab plane than the sample cast

without magnetic field. The intensity of the texture weakens from surface to inner region of the bulk magnets. Applying a magnetic field during the casting process is helpful to refine the grain

size effectively. As a result, the magnetic properties are improved from B-r=5.8 kG, H-i(c) = 6.5 kOe, and (BH)(max) = 5.9 MGOe for the sample cast without magnetic field to B-r=6.1 kG, H-i(c) = 10.3 kOe, and (BH)(max) = 7.3 MGOe for the sample cast with a 3.7 kOe magnetic field. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3556913]“
“Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate, using computer simulation, the amount of interference between the proximal and distal segments of the mandible incurred by 3 different www.selleckchem.com/products/wnt-c59-c59.html osteotomy methods.

Study design. With the 3-dimensional facial computerized tomography data of 20 patients showing mandibular prognathism with asymmetry, simulation surgeries of conventional sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO), intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO), or short lingual osteotomy (SLO) was performed. The distal segments were moved backward (3, 6, or 9 mm) and rotated (2 degrees, 4 degrees, or 6 degrees). The amounts of interference between the proximal and distal segments of the mandible were measured and statistically analyzed.

Results. Conventional SSRO demonstrated the greatest interference between the proximal and distal segments of the mandibles (P<.01), followed by IVRO and SLO. SLO showed less interference than IVRO in mild asymmetry cases (P<.

It has been suggested to be a major contributing factor to tissue degeneration.

Objective. The present study investigated, through immunohistochemistry, the regional expression of TRAIL and in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc of anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDwR) and without reduction (ADDwoR)

patients, to help determine Cediranib the relationship between TMJ disc displacement and apoptosis. Study design. We studied 18 TMJ diseased discs affected by disc displacement without or with reduction and 4 normal TMJ discs. Specimens were processed for immunohistochemistry to evaluate TRAIL and its receptor DR5 expression.

Results. Disc tissues from internal derangements ( both ADDwR and ADDwoR) exhibited a much higher percentage of TRAIL- and DR5-positive cells as well as stain intensity compared with normal tissue though with regional variation according to the portion of the disc. There was a significantly higher percentage of stained cells in the

posterior disc attachment compared with the anterior or intermediate bands of both ADDwR and ADDwoR discs for TRAIL and DR5.

Conclusions. TRAIL and DR5 are overexpressed in displaced human TMJ disc, especially in the posterior disc attachment. These results suggest a possible pivotal role of the TRAIL/DR5 system in TMJ disc degeneration. ( Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010; 109: 244-251)”
“Position-controlled InAs quantum dots (QDs) are integrated into planar InP structures by employing selective area Cyclosporin A mouse growth of InP pyramids and regrowth by metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy. A smooth surface

morphology is obtained at elevated regrowth temperature due to suppression of three-dimensional growth on the pyramids. The height differences are less than 30 nm after nominal 700 nm InP regrowth at 640 degrees C. Most important, the integrated QDs 5-Fluoracil maintain good optical quality after regrowth for the realization of integrated nanophotonic devices and circuits operating at telecom wavelengths. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3491025]“
“This study was designed to develop matrix type of transdermal-controlled delivery system for zidovudine using Eudragit L100 by varying the amounts of drug in addition to polyethylene glycol as a plasticizer and Tween 80 (R) as a penetration enhancer. Transparent smooth and flexible films were characterized for weight, thickness uniformity, and drug content. Drug interactions with the polymer films were studied by differential scanning calorimetry, whereas X-ray diffraction was used to understand the drug polymorphism in the films. The in vitro drug release experiments were performed in phosphate buffer using the Keshary-Chien diffusion cell. Variations of drug release profiles were analyzed using the Ritger and Peppas empirical equation to describe the type of release mechanism. The exponent n values of the equation varied over the wide range of 0.75-2.

The question addressed was whether sutureless aortic valves have a clinical and haemodynamic benefit in high-risk patients with aortic valve disease. A total of

307 papers were found using the reported searches; of which, six represented the best evidence to answer the clinical Selleckchem LOXO-101 question. The authors, date, journal, study type, population, main outcome measures and results are tabulated. The studies found analysed the outcomes of sutureless aortic valve implantation in high-risk patients undergoing aortic valve replacement. Reported measures included mortality; post-operative complications namely stroke, renal failure, endocarditis and bleeding; valve deployment, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and aortic cross-clamp (ACC) times; echocardiographic assessment of paravalvular leaks (PVLs) and valve haemodynamics; and symptomatic functional class. Hospital mortality ranged between 3.1 and 12.5% and long-term mortality

ranged between 3.1 and 10%. Incidence of PVL was found to be between 0.0 and 11%. Stroke was observed in 0.7%, renal failure in 3.1%, prosthetic valve endocarditis in 2.1-3.1% and selleck chemicals llc major bleeding in 3.1%. The valve deployment time was 9-21 min, CPB time 35-111 min and ACC time 17-70 min. Short-term mean and peak valve gradients were in the ranges of 10-11 and 18-22 mmHg, respectively, reducing to 8-9 and 16.4-19 mmHg, respectively, at follow-up. Owing to the lack of comparative studies analysing the outcomes of sutureless and conventional aortic valves, we compared these results with the recently published PARTNER Trial (Transcatheter vs. Surgical Aortic-Valve Replacement in High-Risk Patients), and it can be shown that the outcomes of sutureless aortic valves compare favourably with conventional valves in terms of mortality, neurological deficit, renal failure and post-operative bleeding. However, there is increased incidence of endocarditis and PVLs, together with raised mean valve gradients,

perhaps owing to the mechanical properties and deployment techniques of sutureless aortic valves.”
“Background: Some epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory studies suggest that underweight and obesity impact fertility.

Methods: This is cross-sectional study of 33,159 North American Adventist women, this website who were nulliparous at age 20 years and who, as a group, have a healthy lifestyle. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess how body mass index (BMI, kg/m(2)) at age 20 was related to never becoming pregnant, never giving birth to a living child, or not giving birth to a second or third child.

Results: A total of 4954 (15%) of the women reported never becoming pregnant (nulligravidity) and 7461 (23%) women remained nulliparous. Underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m(2)) at age 20 was associated with approximately 13% increased risk of nulligravidity or nulliparity. Women with BMI >= 32.5 kg/m(2) when aged 20 had 2.5 (95% CI: 2.0, 3.

Spectral (IR, (1)H-NMR, and (13)C-NMR), physicochemical, thermal (TGA, DSC), physico-mechanical analyses and corrosion/chemical resistance performance of aforementioned resins confirmed the incorporation of boron in polyol and polyurethane backbone. BPEPUs followed a clear Cut “”three step-ambient CH5183284 order temperature”" curing strategy. They showed very good resistance to 5 wt % HCl, 3.5 wt %, NaCl (Unaffected for 16 and 14 clays, respectively), moderate alkali resistance and moderate to good antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. Our investigations reveal that (i) the incorporation

of boron has significant influence on the structural, physicochemical aspects, physico-mechanical, chemical resistance behavior, and thermal stability of polyurethanes, (ii) boron linkages play dual role, both as cross linker and modifier, and (iii) BPEPUs may serve as efficient corrosion protective material, which may be safely employed upto 230 degrees C. (C) 2009 V Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 116: 499-508, 2010″
“Background: Moderate intake of alcohol

has been reported to have beneficial effects on bone. However, different classes of alcoholic beverages have not been investigated.

Objective: Our aim was to determine the association between intake of total alcohol or individual alcoholic beverages and bone mineral density (BMD).

Design: Adjusting for potential confounding factors, we examined alcohol intakes and BMD at 3 hip sites and the lumbar spine in 1182 men and in 1289 postmenopausal and 248 premenopausal women in GSK1904529A the population-based Framingham Offspring cohort (age: 29-86 y).

Results: Men were predominantly beer drinkers, and women were predominantly wine drinkers. Compared with nondrinkers, hip BMD was greater (3.4-4.5%) in men consuming 1-2 drinks/d of total alcohol or beer, whereas hip and spine BMD were significantly greater (5.0-8.3%) in postmenopausal women consuming >2 drinks/d of total alcohol or wine. Intake of >2 drinks/d

of liquor in men was associated high throughput screening compounds with significantly lower (3.0-5.2%) hip and spine BMD than was intake of 1-2 drinks/d of liquor in men. After adjustment for silicon intake, all intergroup differences for beer were no longer significant; differences for other alcohol sources remained significant. Power was low for premenopausal women, and the associations were not significant.

Conclusions: Moderate consumption of alcohol may be beneficial to bone in men and postmenopausal women. However, in men, high liquor intakes (> 2 drinks/d) were associated with significantly lower BMD. The tendency toward stronger associations between BMD and beer or wine, relative to liquor, suggests that constituents other than ethanol may contribute to bone health. Silicon appears to mediate the association of beer, but not that of wine or liquor, with BMD. Other components need further investigation.

Conclusion: Based on our results, there is no difference in the pregnancy loss rate in twin gestations, Sapanisertib regardless of chorionicity or gestational age at procedure, either within 4 weeks after the procedure or before 24 weeks, in patients

who undergo AC when compared with patients who do not.”
“Tissue engineering is an important tool for the treatment of damaged surface and lining epithelia. A source of cells and biocompatible substrates upon which cells can grow and differentiate are key components of this technology. Cultured normal human epithelial cells reconstitute sheets of stratified epithelia that retain biochemical and histological characteristics as well as specific differentiation features of the original donor site. Maintenance of epithelial stem cells in culture and a well-prepared receiving wound bed allow to permanently regenerate full-thickness wounds by means of in vitro reconstituted epithelia. Further, cultured cells produce growth factors and extracellular matrix (ECM) components that help resident cells to contribute to the wound-healing process. Biological matrices enhance the performance of the in vitro reconstituted epithelia. Owing to their similarity to the ECM, natural polymers offer the advantage of being similar to macromolecules

that the human environment is prepared to recognize. They also maintain biological information and physical and chemical

features that are instructive for cells used to populate them. This article discusses the developments of JNK inhibitor tissues engineered for cutaneous and mucosal regeneration. Native tissues and their stem cells are also considered, to enhance understanding of the extensive field of tissue reconstruction.”
“SETTING: Standard treatment for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is 9 months daily isoniazid (9INH). An alternative is 4 months daily rifampin (4RMP), associated with better completion and less toxicity; however, its efficacy remains uncertain.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the cost-effectiveness of these regimens for DMXAA research buy treating LTBI in human immunodeficiency virus negative persons, using results from a recent clinical trial, plus different scenarios for 4RMP efficacy, and to estimate the costs of an adequately powered non-inferiority trial and resulting savings from substitution with 4RMP.

DESIGN: A decision-analysis model tracked TB contacts and lower-risk tuberculin reactors receiving 9INH, 4RMP or no treatment. For different 4RMP efficacy scenarios, we estimated the cost-effectiveness, sample size and cost of non-inferiority trials, and potential cost savings substituting 4RMP for 9INH for 10 years in Canada.

RESULTS: With an assumed 4RMP efficacy of 60%, 9INH was more effective but slightly more expensive. Above a threshold efficacy of 69%, 4RMP was cheaper and more effective than 9INH.

There was general agreement on frequency of injections, but more experienced practitioners reported using lower doses of corticosteroid.”
“Compensating

for the collimator-detector response (CDR) in SPECT is important for accurate quantification. The CDR consists of both a geometric response and a septal penetration and collimator scatter response. The geometric response can be modeled analytically and is often used for modeling the whole CDR if the geometric response dominates. However, for radionuclides that emit medium or high-energy photons such as I-131, the septal penetration and collimator scatter response is significant PF-03084014 chemical structure and its modeling in the CDR correction is important for accurate quantification. There are two main methods for modeling the depth-dependent CDR so as to include both the geometric response and the septal penetration and collimator scatter response. One is to fit a Gaussian plus exponential function that is rotationally invariant to the measured point source response at several source-detector distances. However, buy S63845 a rotationally-invariant exponential function cannot represent the star-shaped septal penetration tails in detail. Another is to perform Monte-Carlo (MC) simulations to generate the depth-dependent point spread functions

(PSFs) for all necessary distances. However, MC simulations, which require careful modeling of the SPECT detector components, can be challenging and accurate results may not be available for all of

the different ATM/ATR mutation SPECT scanners in clinics. In this paper, we propose an alternative approach to CDR modeling. We use a Gaussian function plus a 2-D B-spline PSF template and fit the model to measurements of an I-131 point source at several distances. The proposed PSF-template-based approach is nearly non-parametric, captures the characteristics of the septal penetration tails, and minimizes the difference between the fitted and measured CDR at the distances of interest. The new model is applied to I-131 SPECT reconstructions of experimental phantom measurements, a patient study, and a MC patient simulation study employing the XCAT phantom. The proposed model yields up to a 16.5 and 10.8% higher recovery coefficient compared to the results with the conventional Gaussian model and the Gaussian plus exponential model, respectively.”
“Low fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) reduces the atelectasis area during anesthesia induction. However, atelectasis may occur during laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation because lungs can collapse within a fraction of a second. We assessed the effects of ventilation with 100 and 40 % oxygen on functional residual capacity (FRC) in patients undergoing general anesthesia.

Twenty patients scheduled for elective open abdominal surgery were randomized into 40 % oxygen (GI, n = 10) and 100 % oxygen (GII, n = 10) groups and FRC was measured.

The patients always had

no obvious complaint, and the laboratory examinations were almost within the normal limits. Magnetic resonance imaging/angiography were valuable on clinical diagnosis and differential diagnosis. All patients underwent surgical removal of the masses completely. During the follow-up period, which ranged from 9 months to 60 months with a mean of 38.9 months, Nutlin-3 cost no recurrence of the lesion occurred, and the quality of life of each patient was good.

Conclusions. Castleman disease (hyaline vascular type) in the parotid and neck region is rare, with clinical manifestation and physical examination the same as benign lesions. There is no specific indication in the laboratory tests and imaging examinations; however, magnetic resonance imaging/angiography has potential value on clinical Buparlisib diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Surgical resection is the choice of treatment with good prognosis. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010; 109: 432-440)”
“QUESTIONS UNDER STUDY/PRINCIPLES: Little is known concerning patients’ expectations regarding sexual history taking by doctors: to ascertain expectations and actual experience of talking about sexuality among male patients attending outpatient clinics, and their sexual behaviour.

METHODS: Patients consecutively recruited from two outpatient clinics in Lausanne,

Switzerland were provided with an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. Survey topics were: patients’ expectations concerning sexual

history taking, patients’ lifetime experience of sexual history taking, and patients’ sexual behaviour.

RESULTS: The response rate was 53.0% (N = 1452). Among respondents, 90.9% would like their physician to ask Stem Cell Compound Library purchase them questions regarding their sexual history in order to receive advice on prevention (60.0% yes, 30.9% rather yes). Fifteen percent would be embarrassed or rather embarrassed if asked such questions. Nevertheless, 76.2% of these individuals would like their physician to do so. Despite these wishes, only 40.5% reported ever having a discussion “”on their sexual life in general”" with a doctor. Only one patient out of four to five was asked about previous sexually transmitted infections (STIs), the number of sexual partners and their sexual orientation. No feature of their sexual life distinguishes those who had discussed sexual issues with a doctor from those who had not, except a history of previous consultation for health problems related to sexuality. Conversely, being embarrassed about conducting this discussion was significantly associated with lack of discussion regarding sexuality.

CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the gap existing in the field of STI prevention in terms of doctors’ advice and patients’ wishes.