Also study investigators collected stool samples at participant houses for each case of diarrhea. Finally, during the second year, the CSCOM fees (usually higher than the traditional healer’s fee) were paid for by the study, as were costs of medicines prescribed at the discretion of the study physician. With these modifications, the surveillance for detection of RVGE cases was greatly strengthened during the second year of surveillance. Moreover, in the second

year of the study monthly meetings were held with all the traditional healers providing services within the study areas to inform them about the study objectives to ask them to refer gastroenteritis cases that they see to the closest CSCOM. The traditional find more healers were reimbursed for transportation expenses that they incurred in coming to the meeting. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Library ic50 Once a week the most prominent leaders among the traditional healers were visited at the places where they deliver care to remind them about referring suspected gastroenteritis

cases to the CSCOMs. As reported elsewhere [8], the primary study outcome was severe RVGE, regardless of serotype, occurring ≥14 days after the third dose until the end of the study. Gastroenteritis was defined as ≥3 watery or looser than normal stools within a 24-h period and/or forceful vomiting. Data on ongoing symptoms and signs were collected throughout the course of the episode. These data were used to define severity using the 20-point modified Vesikari Clinical Scoring System (VCSS) [11] and [12]; “severe” was defined as a Edoxaban score of ≥11. Secondary efficacy endpoints included efficacy against severe RVGE by individual circulating RV serotypes (not reported

in this manuscript), and efficacy against severe RVGE for all infants who received at least one dose of vaccine (intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses). Other efficacy analyses included efficacy against severe RVGE through the first year of life and during the second year of life in Mali. Rotavirus antigen in stool was detected by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) [9] and the RV genotype was confirmed by RT-PCR [10]. Serum anti-rotavirus IgA responses and serum neutralizing antibody (SNA) responses to human RV serotypes G1, G2, G3, G4, and P1A [8] were measured in serum specimens collected before (pre-dose 1 (pD1)) and following the third dose of vaccine (approximately 14 days post-dose 3 (PD3)) in a subset of 150 infants to document immunologic responses [8]. Pre-dose 1 (pD1) and PD3 geometric mean titers (GMTs) of serum anti-RV IgA and RV SNA responses, as well as the seroresponse rates (≥3-fold rise from pD1 to PD3) of serum anti-RV IgA and RV SNA, were measured along with 95% confidence intervals. Efficacy was defined as (1 − Rvaccine/Rplacebo) × 100%, where R represents the incidence for each group. The number of cases in each group was assumed to follow a Poisson distribution.

Good cross-reactivity against genotype X isolate virulent Uganda 1965 ( Fig. 5A) was observed, and this is the reason why pigs were challenged with virulent Uganda 1965 in experiment 2. As predicted from this ex vivo assay, all of the pigs immunised and challenged with virulent Uganda 1965 virus were protected. No cross-reactivity to genotype XIII isolate Malawi

LIL 20/1 was detected and this correlates with the observation that OURT88/3 and OURT88/1 immunised pigs are not protected from Malawi LIL 20/1 challenge [2,Denyer et al. unpublished observation]. Taken together these data suggest that this ex vivo, IFN-γ ELISPOT assay might be a useful tool to assess vaccine efficacy and/or to assess possibility of ASFV isolate-cross-protection. An anti-ASFV antibody response also developed after OURT88/3 immunisation and was boosted after the OURT88/1 inoculation. The anti-ASFV antibody titre Epacadostat solubility dmso was measured by a p72 competition ELISA, however we could not conclude from these experiments whether the level of antibody developed by our immunisation protocol is either sufficient or necessary for protection. OURT88/3 has been

used as a vaccine model to identify what is required for inducing ASFV protective immunity in domestic pigs. The observations of adverse effects of OURT88/3 immunisation in some of the pigs vaccinated in France suggest that further attenuation of this isolate by deleting additional genes or possibly changing the dose or route of vaccination may be useful. Secondly, the results selleck chemicals llc from experiment 2 showed that our current protocol did not induce complete protection in all of the pigs immunised with the virulent OURT88/1 boost. This may be due to the genetic background of the pigs as we have previously demonstrated that cc inbred pigs are also not always protected by OURT88/3 from OURT88/1 challenge [11]. It is possible that the age and/or size of pigs at the time of the first immunisation may be important for the induction of complete protection since the pigs used in France were smaller and younger than those used at Pirbright. Suplatast tosilate It will also be

useful in future to compare the effects of boosting with the non or low virulent OURT88/3 since this would help to avoid adverse effects resulting from boosting with virulent OURT88/1. Our observation that cross-protection can be induced between different genotypes is important since this suggests when an ASFV vaccine is developed, its practical use in the field is likely to be extended in areas where several genotypes are present. Additional experiments are required to establish the extent of cross-protection. This work was financially supported by Wellcome Trust (Animal Health in the Developing World Initiative), DEFRA (SE1512), BBSRC, and was supported by the EU Network of Excellence, EPIZONE (Contract No FOOD-CT-2006-016236). Jordi M. Argilaguet was supported by Spanish Research Council.

Similarly, higher physical activity at baseline was associated with slightly slower increases to mental health (β = − 0.02, 95% CI − 0.03, − 0.01). Several of the covariates were associated with both variables (see Table 2). Results from the sensitivity analyses using the GHQ-30 as a measure of mental health did not materially impact

conclusions, suggesting that the associations were not specific to the measure. Results from the models based on participants with all data were also comparable, indicating that results were not driven by non-random dropout. Associations were not found when categorising physical activity or MCS as binary outcomes. This could suggest either a loss of statistical power or reflect differences in the estimators used in the continuous versus categorical models. Decitabine manufacturer In this study of 6909 adults observed three times over ten years, we found significant associations between physical activity and

mental health at baseline which persisted into early old age. Physical activity increased and mental health improved over time and those with faster increases or improvements also tended to experience corresponding change in the other outcome. The moderate baseline associations narrowed over time (partly reflecting regression to the mean for those starting relatively high on either variable) but persisted to the end of follow-up. Physical activity and mental health appear to have a longitudinal and bidirectional association from midlife to Panobinostat cell line early old-age. This study has several limitations. The cohort comprised white-collar workers and therefore results do not generalise to manual occupations or the unemployed, however the cohort did include the lowest employment grades and those with no formal qualifications. Whitehall II also demonstrates some evidence of health selection including lower mortality rate compared with the UK

population and women are underrepresented (Wills et al., 2011). Self-reported physical activity is well-known to overestimate actual activity levels 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (National Centre for Social Research and University College London, 2009) and this is likely to have led to underestimated effects, though this is unlikely to vary as a function of mental health. There are also conceptual issues with measuring mental health, however both the SF-36 and GHQ-30 are valid and reliable instruments that measure different conceptions of mental health (McCabe et al., 1996). A particular strength of the study is the use of LGC modelling to examine these associations because the model allows both variables to act as predictor and outcome variables while controlling for other growth processes and missing data (Curran et al., 2010). This provides a clearer understanding of the relationship between change in mental health and physical activity over ten years.

Approximately 70% of cervical cancer cases worldwide are associated with HPV-16 and/or HPV-18 [3] and [4]. Other common

oncogenic HPV types associated with cervical cancer include HPV-31, -33, -35, -45, -52 and -58 [4], [5] and [6]. Two prophylactic HPV vaccines against cervical cancer are currently licensed: the HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine (Cervarix®) and the HPV-6/11/16/18 vaccine (Gardasil®) 3, both consisting of virus-like particles (VLPs) composed of L1 major capsid proteins. In clinical Dabrafenib concentration trials, these vaccines had high protective efficacy against persistent infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) associated with HPV-16/18 and some oncogenic non-vaccine HPV types [7], [8], [9] and [10]. Moreover, regardless of HPV type in the

lesion, the HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine reduced the incidence of CIN3+ by 93% in women who were HPV-naive at baseline [11]. Prophylactic vaccines which include additional oncogenic HPV L1 VLPs should theoretically broaden the protection against cervical and possibly other cancers. However, the challenge of developing such vaccines is to ensure that immunogenicity and efficacy against HPV-16/18 (the two most prevalent types in cervical cancer) are not compromised by the PI3K Inhibitor Library introduction of additional HPV L1 VLPs, and that the safety profile and number of doses required are still acceptable. Herein we report the results of two studies evaluating the immunogenicity and safety of two investigational tetravalent HPV L1 VLP

vaccines (HPV-16/18/31/45 and HPV-16/18/33/58 vaccines). In these two studies, varying dosages of HPV L1 VLPs (10, 20 or 30 μg), adjuvant systems (AS04, AS01 or AS02 [12] and [13]) and dosing regimens (0,1,6 months or 0,3 months or 0,6 months) were evaluated. Cytidine deaminase We report data from two separate clinical trials of investigational tetravalent HPV vaccines. In both trials, the licensed HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine (Cervarix®), containing 20 μg of each L1 VLP, was used as a control. The amounts of HPV L1 VLPs, formulations and dosing intervals used for the investigational tetravalent vaccines are summarized in Table 1. Study TETRA-051 (NCT00231413) was a Phase I/II, double-blind, randomized, controlled, dose-ranging trial evaluating an AS04-adjuvanted HPV-16/18/31/45 vaccine, conducted at 11 centers in Belgium and the USA between March 2005 and August 2009. Subjects were randomized (2:1:1:1:1:1:1) to receive control vaccine or one of 6 different formulations of tetravalent vaccine containing different amounts of HPV L1 VLPs at months (M) 0,1,6. Subjects were initially followed for 6 months after the last vaccine dose (Month 12) in a blinded fashion, after which they were invited to participate in an open-label follow-up study to Month 48.

faecalis to S. aureus 14 have been reported. Vancomycin-resistance gene acquisition

by S. aureus from Enterococcus faecium in the clinical environment has also been reported earlier. 15 In view of the increased spreading vancomycin-resistant vanA gene through conjugation, compelled us to explore chemicals that could be used as non-antibiotic adjuvants to control the spreading of resistance gene via conjugation from one gram-positive bacterial species to another species Akt inhibitor of bacteria. There are no recent study regarding controlling of the spreading of vanA gene among the clinical isolates. The aim of the present study was to identify the vanA gene among clinical isolates of vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA). Thereafter, transfer of vanA gene through

conjugation from vanA positive VRSA to a vancomycin-sensitive S. aureus (VSSA) was evaluated. Next, we examined the effect of various concentrations of chemicals including ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (disodium edetate), acid (EGTA) and boric acid on conjugation. All of the chemicals, such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (disodium edetate), ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA) and boric acid were procured from Himedia (Mumbai, India) and were reconstituted with water for injection. Working solutions were prepared using MH (Mueller Hinton, Himedia, Bombay, India) broth. A total of fourteen clinical isolates of VRSA were used in the present study of which four from patients suffering from surgical wounds and three from bacteremia and seven from patients suffering learn more with burns were recovered. All of the isolates were obtained from Vijayanagar Institute of Medical Sciences (VIMS), Bellary, India. Re-identification of these clinical isolates was done using standard microbiological and biochemical tests.16 and 17 The vanA positive isolate of VRSA served as donor and was grown overnight at 37 °C in Mueller-Hinton broth (MHB, Himedia, Mumbai, India) PAK6 and S. aureus (MTCC 737) obtained from

Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India, served as recipient as well as negative control was also grown overnight in MHB. These bacterial suspensions were used as the inoculum at a concentration of 106 colony-forming units/milliliter (cfu/ml). E. faecium ATCC 51559, which contains vanA gene served as a positive control. All of the clinical isolates were processed for screening of vanA gene. DNA from all of the clinical isolates, recipient, transconjugants, positive and negative controls was isolated using following methods: five ml of each at concentration of 1010 cfu/ml was centrifuged at 5000 revolutions per minute (rpm) for 4 min at 25 degree celsius (°C) and pellet was washed once in phosphate buffer saline (0.05 Molar (M) pH 7.2). After addition of 0.2 ml ice-cold solution 1 [25 millimolar (mM) Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride (Tris–HCl) pH 8.0, 10 mM ethylenediaminete-traacetic acid (EDTA) pH 8.0 and 50 mM glucose] and 0.

Pour le rivaroxaban, il faut attendre 24 heures avant de commencer l’anticoagulation par voie parentérale. Cette situation qui peut paraître simple présente quelques particularités. En effet, pour le dabigatran et l’apixaban, le relais apparaît logique, on arrête les AVK, et dès que l’INR est inférieur à 2, on débute le dabigatran ou l’apixaban (tableau IV). Par contre, pour le rivaroxaban, le traitement doit être instauré une fois que l’INR est inférieur ou égal à 3, ce qui peut paraître contre-intuitif. Cette différence de seuil d’introduction de traitement est liée à une prudence accrue concernant le rivaroxaban, du fait de l’augmentation des événements thromboemboliques observée à la fin de

l’étude dite ROCKET-AF, dans le bras rivaroxaban, lorsque les patients arrêtaient le traitement à l’insu et reprenaient des AVK en non NVP-BKM120 in vivo insu. En effet, les investigateurs ont observé une recrudescence des événements thromboemboliques à l’arrêt

du rivaroxaban, en fin de protocole [21]. L’analyse post-hoc des données de cette étude a démontré une augmentation transitoire du risque d’emboles artériels systémiques lors de la période de transition vers un traitement ouvert à la fin de l’étude (principalement un AVK), pour les patients sous rivaroxaban, soulignant l’importance d’une couverture anticoagulante adéquate lors de GSK1349572 datasheet ces transitions. Pour chacun des NACO étudiés dans cet article, un temps de co-administration est nécessaire avant l’arrêt du NACO et la poursuite 17-DMAG (Alvespimycin) HCl de l’AVK seul (tableau V). Pour le dabigatran, le temps de co-administration

est fondé sur la fonction rénale. Si la clairance de la créatinine est supérieure à 50 mL/min, il est de trois jours. Si la clairance de la créatinine est entre 30 et 50 mL/min, il est de deux jours. Pour le rivaroxaban, ainsi que l’apixaban, un temps de co-administration minimal de deux jours est nécessaire avant de commencer à doser l’INR. Après deux jours de co-administration, dès que l’INR est supérieur ou égal à 2, on peut arrêter le rivaroxaban ou l’apixaban. L’INR est modifié par la prise de NACO, comme le laisse supposer leur mécanisme d’action. Le dosage de l’INR lors de la co-administration doit donc être effectué lorsque le NACO est à sa concentration minimale, c’est-à-dire avant la prise suivante. Des recommandations ont été éditées par la société européenne de cardiologie, en 2012, sur l’utilisation des NACO dans la fibrillation atriale non valvulaire [11]. D’après les auteurs de ces recommandations, les grandes études randomisées [3], [4] and [5] ayant démontré la non-infériorité des NACO comparés aux AVK, avec une meilleure sécurité d’emploi en diminuant de façon statistiquement significative le risque d’hémorragie intracrânienne, les NACO sont recommandés en première intention dans la fibrillation atriale non valvulaire, chez les patients à risque.

Data from the activity monitor were deidentified at Galunisertib nmr downloading to allow assessor blinding for average and total energy expenditure. The participants’ perception of using a gaming console as an exercise modality was measured using a 10-cm horizontal visual analogue scale. Participants were asked to rate their level of enjoyment, fatigue experienced, and workload achieved during the exercise intervention. In addition, participants were asked to rate their

confidence that the exercise intervention met their perception of an effective exercise for them and that the exercise intervention was feasible to be included as a component of their routine exercise regimen. All visual analogue scales were anchored, with the left hand anchor indicating no agreement with the statement (no enjoyment, not fatiguing, no workload, not effective, not feasible) and the right hand anchor indicating strong agreement (very enjoyable, very fatiguing, etc). Cardiovascular demand and energy expenditure measures were recorded continuously during 5 minutes of rest Y-27632 order at the start of the exercise interventions and during the 15 minutes of exercise. The participants’ perceptions of

the exercise intervention were measured at the completion of the exercise. The primary outcome was the average heart rate during exercise. We planned and undertook an analysis of the first 14 participants to determine the standard deviation of the difference between two recordings of the average heart rate during exercise in the same patient, which was 12 beats/min. In the absence of an established value, we nominated 10 beats/min as a clinically worthwhile difference in heart rate during exercise based on our clinical experience and because it exceeds day-to-day variability in heart rate (Achten and Jeukendrup 2003).

Therefore, a sample size of 18 participants was required enough to achieve 90% power to detect a difference of 10 beats/min between the two exercise interventions at a significance level of 0.05. All measures were analysed using an intention-to-treat analysis. Means and standard deviations were calculated for all variables. Average, minimum and maximum values were recorded for heart rate and oxygen saturation during the 5-minute rest period and the 15-minute exercise period for each exercise intervention. Average energy expenditure during the 15 minutes of exercise was estimated by the activity monitor software in metabolic equivalents (MET). Total energy expenditure for the entire exercise intervention was estimated in kilocalories by the same software. Differences in all variables between the two exercise interventions were analysed using paired t–tests. Results were reported as mean differences and 95% CI. Statistical significance was set at 0.05.

It also is believed to have excitatory inputs from Amygdala facilitating reward seeking behaviour.20 and 27 In the present study we found that the intake of 10% alcohol increased in the lesioned rats (Table 1).

But when the rats were tested with 2 bottle free choice with alcohol and water, then the rats showed increased preference towards water (Table 2), showed a highly significant increase in water consumption. A role for NAcc has been suggested in the alcohol induced behaviour.28 But the lesion of NAcc did not show a specific preference to PLX-4720 supplier alcohol. Even though there was increase in the intake of ethanol in the lesioned rats, when ethanol alone was provided to drink, the increase was not as great as the increase seen in intake of water in a two bottle choice test. Therefore such an increase was probably due to increase in the desire to drink more fluid, which is a thirst response. Earlier documented reports also suggested that NAcc neuronal populations will be modulated by the inputs from other LY294002 structures such as Ventral tegmental area (VTA).29 and 30 Therefore it can be concluded that the lesion effect of NAcc could be predominantly be effective on the quantity of fluid intake rather than alcohol intake per se. Role of other

neuronal circuitry which could be involved in the concerned circuitry of addiction must be investigated to reveal the interrelationships among the centres. All authors have none to declare. The author would like to acknowledge the funding provided by Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, New Isotretinoin Delhi, Government of India. “
“L’encéphalopathie hépatique minime (EHM) représente le stade le moins sévère des anomalies neuro-cognitives

compliquant la cirrhose. Le « psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score » (PHES) est un test simple et validé qui permet de diagnostiquer une EHM en pratique courante. “
“L’objectif du dépistage par mammographie, proposé systématiquement tous les deux ans aux femmes de 50 à 74 ans en France depuis 2004, est de réduire la mortalité par cancer du sein. Le dépistage permet de faire le diagnostic au moment où la maladie est encore asymptomatique, donc à un stade précoce, et de la traiter de façon moins agressive et plus efficace. Il a aussi des inconvénients : il peut trouver des cancers qui ne seraient jamais devenus symptomatiques du vivant de la femme, ce qui constitue le surdiagnostic ; un examen positif à tort est source d’angoisse et chaque mammographie délivre une faible dose de rayonnements ionisants. Ce dépistage fait l’objet d’un débat scientifique vigoureux, qui porte à la fois sur le bénéfice en termes de vies sauvées et sur les inconvénients dont le plus important est le surdiagnostic [1], [2], [3] and [4]. Le débat s’est élargi au grand public avec la parution du livre « No mammo ? » [5].

This experiment was conducted concurrently to inoculation with the same dose of virus produced in the C6/36 insect cells. All animals inoculated with the insect cells derived virus developed viremia at 1 and 2 dpi supported by viral RNA detection (group S-C, Fig. 1). Subsequently, a dose of 107 PFU/animal was tested, again with both, mammalian (group S-D) or insect Buparlisib research buy (group S-E) cells produced RVFV. At this dose, the Vero E6 inoculum appeared

to be even less effective than the 105 PFU dose based on detection of infectious virus, although RNA detection in the serum was higher and of longer duration (Fig. 1, S-B versus S-D). The most effective infection was achieved by subcutaneous inoculation with 107 PFU of C6/36 cells produced virus (group S-E), regardless whether the animals were re-inoculated subcutaneously with the same dose or not selleck products (Fig. 1, S-E and S-F). Virus isolation was successful from serum of all inoculated animals at 2, 3 and 4 dpi. Intravenous re-inoculation at 1 dpi appeared to shorten the viremia (Group S-G, Fig. 1). The S-E model was chosen as a challenge control for efficacy testing of vaccine candidates [24]. Since the RVFV used in the challenge were the aliquots of the same virus stock used for this study, we have added in Fig.

2 the results from the four challenge control animals to the group to make it statistically stronger (n = 8; Fig. 2A). In order to be able to perform at least minimal statistical comparison of the inoculation approaches we have grouped animals inoculated with the Vero E6 produced virus into one group (n = 16), and the animals inoculated with the C6/36 produced virus into a second group (n = 20). Viremia was significantly higher in lambs inoculated with the insect cells produced virus at days 1 and 2 post inoculation (P = 0.03 and P = 0.01, respectively) ( Fig. 2B). Correspondingly, the RVFV RNA levels in serum were also higher in the insect cell virus inoculated animals (days 1 and 2 post inoculation;

P = 0.004 and P = 0.01 respectively) ( Fig. 2C). Several inoculation approaches lead to development of viremia in all inoculated Alpine-Boer cross goats, although goats were in general less sensitive to RVFV infection then the sheep based on infectious virus titers and duration of the viremia. Subcutaneous inoculation with Vero cells-produced virus lead to development of viremia either MycoClean Mycoplasma Removal Kit at 2 or 3 dpi (groups G-A and G-E) or between 1 and 3 dpi (groups G-C) (Fig. 3) with maximum duration of two days. Interestingly, the low dose of Vero-cell produced virus caused viremia a day later compared to all other inoculation approaches (groups G-A and G-E)(Fig. 3). Inoculation with the 107 PFU of C6/36-produced virus (groups G-D and G-G) lead to development of viremia in all animals at the same day (1 dpi), making it easier to evaluate (Fig. 3). One goat in group G-C died suddenly between 1 and 2 dpi without apparent clinical signs, and without increase in rectal temperature (at 1 dpi, the temperature was 39.4 °C).

folus in C. longa. All authors have none to declare. The authors

are thankful to the Management and Principal of K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India for providing the infra structure facilities for the present study. The authors profusely grateful to Mr. Kumaravel of IICPT, Tanjavore, India for GC–MS analysis. “
“Liver is one of the important vital organs with several important homeostatic responsibilities. One of the primary functions of the liver is to aid in the metabolism of ingested substances, including food, check details dietary supplements, alcohol and majority of medications. Various types of liver disorders are characterized by cirrhosis, jaundice, tumors, metabolic and degenerative lesions and learn more liver cell necrosis etc. Beside virus liver disorders can arise due to excessive drug therapy, environmental pollution and alcohol intoxication. The management of liver disorders is still a challenge to the modern medicine. Herbal drugs play a very important role in the treatment of liver diseases. Carbon tetrachloride is one of the powerful hepatotoxin in terms of severity of the injury. Administration of single dose of CCl4 to a rat produces a centrilobular necrosis and fatty changes. The poison reaches its maximum concentration in the liver within 3 h of administration.

The development of necrosis is associated with leakage of hepatic enzyme into serum.1 and 2 Thus it causes biochemical changes similar to the clinical features of acute viral hepatitis.3, 4 and 5 Effect of antioxidant or free radical scavenging has been widely tested for the prevention and treatment of acute and chronic liver injuries.6 and 7 In some of the studies, antioxidant has shown beneficial effects, specifically for prevention and treatment of chronic liver injury.8 Cassytha filiformis is parasitic leafless plant belonging to the family Lauraceae. 9 This plant is widely distributed throughout India, China and South Africa. 10C. filiformis is used as antiplatelet agent, vasorelaxant, alpha adrenoreceptor antagonist, diuretic and antitrypanosomal agent. 11, 12, 13 and 14

Some of the isolated whatever compounds from these plants are aporphine alkaloids, oxo aporphine, cassyformin, filiformin, lignin and octinine. 15, 16 and 17 Ethnobotanical survey revealed that C. filiformis have many traditional use for relief of ulcer, diuretic, haemorrhoids, hepatitis, cough and tonic etc. 18, 19 and 20 Since the hepatoprotective activity of C. filiformis has not been scientifically investigated, in the present study hepatoprotective activity of C. filiformis has been carried out. Whole plant of C. filiformis were collected from Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh and authenticated by Dr. K. Madhava Chetty, Dept of Botany, Venkateswara University, Tirupati. voucher specimen no 312. The collected whole plant was shade dried and subjected to pulverization to get coarse powder.