CrossRef Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors’ contributions JS conceived of the study, carried out the thickness and AFM measurements. He designed and drafted the study. MP carried out and

evaluated the contact angle and UV–vis measurements. NSK performed the cell adhesion and proliferation measurements together with its evaluation. ZK participated in the determination of the chemical composition. VS participated in the design of the study and its coordination. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.”
“Background A-1210477 research buy Because of its wide band gap (3.37 eV) and large exciton binding energy (60 meV), zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most promising materials for optoelectronic device applications in the ultraviolet IWR 1 (UV) region

[1–3]. ZnO thin films can be produced by several techniques, such as reactive evaporation, molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) [4–6], magnetron sputtering technique [7], pulsed laser deposition (PLD) [8], sol–gel technique [9], chemical vapor deposition, electrochemical deposition [10], and spray pyrolysis [11]. In recent years, ZnO-based heterojunctions have been extensively studied for application as UV photodetectors. These ZnO-based heterojunctions can be classified into two categories: thin film heterojunction (FH) and coaxial heterojunction (CH). ZnO/SiC [2], ZnO/NiO [12], and ZnO/GaN [13] belong to the category of thin film heterojunction which had been shown to possess good photoresponse in the UV region. On the other hand, p-copper oxide Protein tyrosine phosphatase (CuO)/n-ZnO nanowires (NWs) [14], this website which belong to the category of coaxial heterojunction, were found to have large enhancement in photocurrent under UV illumination.

ZnO NW possesses many attractive advantages over ZnO thin film. The light trapping ability and great photosensitivity owing to the presence of an oxygen-related hole-trap state at the ZnO NW surface [15] make ZnO NW-based heterojunction very attractive for use as a photodetector. Due to the good optical properties of ZnO NWs and the strong absorption of CuO in the visible region [16], ZnO NW/CuO heterojunction has drawn much interest these days. A wide variety of processes, including sputtering method [14], sol–gel technique [17], thermal oxidation [18], and modified hydrothermal method [19], have been developed to fabricate ZnO/CuO CH. These works demonstrated that good rectification ratio and good photoresponse can be obtained with ZnO/CuO coaxial heterojunctions. However, in coating a CuO layer on ZnO nanowires, it is unavoidable that part of the CuO will be in contact with the ZnO buffer layer, and as there are two parallel channels for current conduction (one from the ZnO buffer layer to the CuO layer, and the other from ZnO nanowires to the CuO layer), it is not possible to take full advantage of the benefits that are associated with using the ZnO nanowires in making the photodetector [14, 18, 19].